Nutrients
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General Nutrition
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Health & Management
Calcium and the Performance Horse - The
Importance and Function of Calcium
by Gloria Harrison, M.S., D.V.M. Good Thunder Veterinary Service,
New Carlisle, Ohio
Vitamin E
by Judy Reynolds, PhD., P.A.S....Vitamin E is a general term for
compounds with the biological activity of alpha tocopherol.
Tocotrienols are a recently discovered group of compounds that
also have vitamin E activity similar to tocopherols. Vitamin E is
a broad-spectrum lipid antioxidant that functions in cell
membranes and can improve the immune response in horses. .......
Natural Vitamin E for Horses
by Judy Reynolds, Ph.D., P.A.S., Equine Technical Specialist, ADM
Alliance Nutrition....The
body does not store vitamin E as well as it does the other
fat-soluble vitamins. In fact, plasma and liver vitamin E
concentrations fall to pre-supplemented values within three to
seven weeks, respectively, after supplementation is stopped.
Deficiencies of vitamin E and/or selenium can result in several
health problems in horses ............
NATURAL GLO Nuggets with 1000 IU/lb Vitamin E
By: Judith A.
Reynolds, Ph.D, P.A.S Divisional Equine technical Specialist ADM
Alliance Nutrition
Natural and Synthetic Vitamin E Sources and
Their Biopotency
by Jerry Faber, Ph.D., ADM Animal Health and Nutrition
Natural
vs Synthetic vitamin E
Natural-source vitamin E is derived from vegetable oils, primarily
soybean, corn, canola, and sunflower oils. The vitamin E found in
nature is commonly known as d-alpha-tocopherol or
RRR-alpha-tocopherol, but other natural forms exist. Esters of
natural-source alpha-tocopherol (i.e. acetate, succinate) are also
available. However, only the alpha isomer is currently recognized
as measurable for nutrition and supplement labeling.
Adding Fat / Feeding Fat-Supplemented Diets
to Horses
by Gary D. Potter, Ph.D., P.A.S., Dpl. ACAN Leader,
Equine Sciences Texas A&M University College Station, Texas
Enhancing horse productivity and well-being has drawn
considerable interest in feeding fat-supplemented diets to horses.
Much of this interest has been prompted by a significant amount of
research on the subject over the last ten years.
.........
Feeding Fats and Oils to Horses
by Judith A. Reynolds, Ph.D., P.A.S. Divisional Equine
Technical Specialist ADM Alliance Nutrition, Inc.
Mineral Quality—Factors to Consider
by M. A. Pothoven, Ph.D., Coordinator of Formulations and
Product Quality Assurance, ADM Alliance Nutrition, Inc.
Trace Mineralized Salt Blocks Horses Need
More Than a Trace of Minerals
Many people provide horses with a trace mineralized
salt block, assuming this will provide all the minerals a horse
needs. Unfortunately for the horse, when this occurs, mineral
needs may not be satisfied.........
What is Rice Bran?
by Rukmini Cheruvanky, Ph.D., FACN
NATURAL GLO® Stabilized Rice Bran as a Horse
Feed
Protein in Horse Diets The Balancing
Act
by Frederick Harper, PhD, PAS, Extension Horse Specialist,
University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee.
When one talks about a specific horse feed or a feeding program,
some horse owners routinely ask, "What is the protein content?" It
is the opinion of some horse owners, breeders, and trainers that
protein is a magical feed ingredient. Protein is often the only
nutrient that some horse owners consider, which may explain why
some feeding programs fail.
Are you Feeding a Low-Starch Horse Feed?
-
By Judith A. Reynolds, Ph.D., P.A.S., Divisional Equine Technical
Specialist, ADM Alliance Nutrition....Many
FORAGE FIRSTÔ
rations contain minimal starch, so they are less likely to cause
metabolic disorders like colic, founder, tying-up, developmental
orthopedic disorders, ulcers and increased blood glucose and
hyperactivity following meals.
Dehydration.. The Importance of Water to
Body Processes
by John H. Thomas, D.V.M. Martinsville Veterinary Hospital
Martinsville, Indiana.....Water, the most important nutrient, is a
part of all biochemical processes within a horse’s body........
The ABC's of Vitamin Nutrition
by Judy Reynolds, PhD, PAS Reprinted with permission from The
Horse: Your Guide To Equine Health Care, February 2002....Although
horses only need relatively small quantities of vitamins, the lack
of those tiny amounts can be devastating to your horse's health.
......
Equine Grain-Associated Disorders
by Judith A. Reynolds, Ph.D., P.A.S.
Humans and horses have different digestive tracts and eat
different foods (feeds), but there are similar food-related
medical problems in both species. In humans, similar clusters of
metabolic symptoms called Syndrome X, The Metabolic Syndrome, The
Dyslipidemic Syndrome and The Insulin-Resistance Syndrome are
being studied........
The One
Percent Rule Many horse owners have
the misunderstanding that horses should have 1% of body weight of
forage daily, then another 1% or more of other ‘stuff’ from bags.
This belief comes from one of the most common quotes in horse
nutrition, “Horses need at least 1% of body weight of forage
daily.” Unfortunately for horses, people forget about the ‘at
least’ part of the quote and assume they should feed exactly 1% of
forage. This misunderstanding is further perpetuated
because.......
Feeding
The Growing Equine Athlete Judith A.
Reynolds, Ph.D., P.A.S.
All horses are athletes. But, some start training younger and work
harder than others. Horses being prepared for races or performance
futurities are routinely asked to perform at maximal levels while
still physically immature. Those horses must be fed for both
growth and maximum performance.
Frequently Asked Questions about FORAGE
FIRST
FORAGE FIRST is a horse feeding program in which good-quality
forage, GROSTRONG vitamin-mineral products, NATURAL GLO stabilized
rice bran products and Fortified Feeds are combined to produce
balanced total rations. With this combination of feeds, horses can
perform at their best when fed less grain than they would receive
from typical horse rations.......
Are You Feeding Your Horse Like a Horse?
by Judy Reynolds, PhD., P.A.S.
In the past, before added-fat horse rations became universally
accepted, horse-feed concentrates were selected for low fiber
content in order to provide the highest possible amount of
digestible energy (DE) in the total ration....
Applying Horse Sense to Horse Nutrition
By nature, a
horse is a grazer. Its digestive system is geared for utilizing
forages—pasture and hay. Attempts to turn horses into grain
guzzlers usually backfire. ........
Nutrition of the Broodmare
.....Over an 11-month gestation period, the mare faces
varying nutritional needs. Overfeeding or underfeeding during the
course of the reproductive cycle can impact foal development and
reproductive efficiency...........
Forage First Programs for Broodmares
by Judith A. Reynolds, Ph.D., P.A.S.
Divisional Equine Technical Specialist ADM Alliance Nutrition,
Inc.
Creep Feeding Foals
by Edgar A. Ott, Ph.D., Animal Science Department, University of
Florida, Gainesville, Florida.....The newborn foal is a growing
machine. A foal is born with a voracious appetite and converts
nutrients to body tissues with an efficiency that will not be
matched any other time in its life. The foal’s growth is highest
during the first month of life and gradually decreases as it
matures....
Nutrition and Developmental Orthopedic
Disease in Horses
by Judith A. Reynolds, Ph.D., P.A.S. Equine Technical Specialist
ADM Alliance Nutrition
Understanding the Equine Digestive System
by Pat Cassady Equine Specialist NATURAL GLO / ADM Alliance
Nutrition....
Digestion is the process by which feedstuffs are broken down to
their simplest forms. The resulting nutrients can then be absorbed
into the bloodstream and provide fats, carbohydrates, amino acids,
vitamins, and minerals for maintenance and/or growth, or they can
be stored for future needs.
Stored Forages for Horses...The
availability of good quality forage is very important to keeping
horses healthy. Poor quality hay or pasture can cause distended
digestive tracts (hay bellies) and increased reliance upon
supplemental grains........
Forage Cubes vs. Baled Hay
...
By Charlie Patrick Equine Specialist for ADM Alliance Nutrition
Although horses are not ruminants like cattle, their digestive
tracts are well suited to digesting forage (hay or pasture) as the
primary diet component. Horses can function quite well on a
good-quality forage diet without grain supplementation .........
Nutrition for the Long haul
By Jim McCall, Ph.D., and Lynda McCall Equine Specialists, Mount
Holly, Arkansas
Creating A Health Hoof The Importance of a
Balanced Diet, Shoeing, and Exercise
by David Hayes, D.V.M., Equine Hospital and Lameness Center,
Meridian, Idaho....Individuals who own and enjoy horses are well
aware of the importance of horses' feet. No matter what the blood
lines, no matter how well the dam or sire did in the show ring, no
matter how much the professional training cost, if a horse's feet
are not healthy, the horse becomes a hungry pasture ornament which
produces manure! .......
Equine Nutrition in the 21st Century, Part
One....by Judy Reynolds, PhD., P.A.S.
Equine Digestion - As we learn more about how horses digest and
utilize nutrients from feeds, and as more feeds become available,
our feed choices broaden and change. We have recently learned that
digestibility of a feed is almost as important as its nutrient
content.......
Equine Nutrition in the 21st Century, Part
Two
.....by Judy Reynolds, PhD., P.A.S.
All Horse Feeds are not Created Equal - You love that smell and
look of fresh, plump oats, bright yellow corn and sweet smelling
molasses in your feed, and so does your horse. But, what is in
your feed? How will your horse react to what you feed him every
day? What’s best to feed your horse-oats, pellets, sweet feed?
..........
Equine Nutrition in the 21st Century, Part
Three......by Judy Reynolds, PhD., P.A.S.
Providing Energy in Horse Rations - Traditional horse feeding
programs are based on some misconceptions about horse feeds. For
instance, horses need a certain amount of energy-producing
nutrients from their rations, but hays and pasture can and should
provide most of that energy......
Equine Nutrition in the 21st Century,
Part Four
......by Judy Reynolds, PhD., P.A.S.
A New Look at Fiber in Horse Feeds; The Fiber-To-Energy
Relationship - In the past, horse-feed concentrates were selected
for high digestible energy (DE) and low fiber content, because
grains were the only feeds available which provided more energy
per pound than hays. And, grains with the least fiber provided the
most energy..........
Equine Nutrition in the 21st Century, Part Five
.....by Judy Reynolds, PhD., P.A.S.
Forages for Horses - Like all animals, horses need the basic
nutrients; proteins, energy-producing compounds (carbohydrates and
fats), vitamins, minerals and water. Because of their unique
digestive systems, horses also need fiber, or bulk in their
rations. Fiber consists of indigestible components in the ration,
which keep the digesta flowing properly, and components digested
in the hindgut, which provide about 70% of the horse’s energy
requirement when horses are fed high-forage rations......
The "Old Horse" Dilemma
by Judith A. Reynolds, Ph.D., P.A.S., Divisional Equine Technical
Specialist, ADM Alliance Nutrition .... In Webster's dictionary,
dilemma is defined as "a predicament that apparently defies a
satisfactory solution." Many owners of older horses can relate to
this definition. Keeping an older horse feeling healthy and
looking good seems to be the impossible mission for many
people........
What is Rice Bran?
by Rukmini Cheruvanky, Ph.D., FACN
NATURAL GLO® Stabilized Rice Bran as a Horse
Feed
Are you Feeding a Low-Starch Horse Feed?
-
By Judith A. Reynolds, Ph.D., P.A.S., Divisional Equine Technical
Specialist, ADM Alliance Nutrition....Many
FORAGE FIRSTÔ
rations contain minimal starch, so they are less likely to cause
metabolic disorders like colic, founder, tying-up, developmental
orthopedic disorders, ulcers and increased blood glucose and
hyperactivity following meals.
"Traditional” Horse Feeding Practices Are
Being Challenged
By
Judith A. Reynolds, Ph.D., P.A.S., Divisional Equine Technical
Specialist, ADM Alliance Nutrition
Supplementing Horse Diets with
Yeast Increases Fiber Digestion and Improves Feed Efficiency
.....
by Ed Piwonka, Ph.D., Nutritionist, ADM Alliance Nutrition,
Inc.
Many research studies have been conducted to determine the
efficacy and mechanism of action of yeast. A common finding in
these research studies is an improvement in fiber digestion, which
indicates that feeding yeast results in a change in rumen
microbial activity (ruminants) or gastrointestinal tract.
Are You Feeding Your Horse Like a Horse?
by Judy Reynolds, PhD., P.A.S.
In the past, before added-fat horse rations became universally
accepted, horse-feed concentrates were selected for low fiber
content in order to provide the highest possible amount of
digestible energy (DE) in the total ration....
Inheritance of Genetic Disorders in Horses
by Judy Reynolds, PhD., P.A.S.
Recent announcements of the newly discovered genetic disorders
Hereditary Equine Regional Dermal Asthenia (HERDA) [formerly
referred to with the less accurate term Hyperelastosis Cutis (HC)]
and Glycogen Branching Enzyme Deficiency (GBED) draw attention to
the importance of breeding management in horses......
New Recommendations for Vaccinating Mares
and Foals
by Judy Reynolds, PhD., P.A.S.
The American Association of Equine Practitioners introduced new,
updated recommendations for vaccination of broodmares, foals, and
weanlings in October of 2005. Years ago, most veterinarians
recommended that foals be vaccinated for sleeping sickness
(encephalomyelitis) and tetanus with two injections given
three-to-six weeks apart starting at three-to-four months of age.
All horses then got yearly boosters of each kind of vaccine,
usually given in the spring. Recent information leads to more
complicated recommendations for foals based on the recent
vaccination history of their dams.......
BLISTER BEETLES, Alfalfa Hay, and Horses
by David W. Freeman, Ph.D., PAS, Dipl. ACAN, and Charles
MacAllister, DVM, Dipl. ACVIM Oklahoma State University,
Stillwater, Oklahoma.....Most
horse owners have heard of blister beetle poisoning in horses.
Blister beetle poisoning results from ingestion of cantharidin, a
toxic chemical carried by numerous species of blister beetles.
Over 200 species of blister beetles occur throughout the U.S.
...........
Body Condition Scoring
Creep Feeding Foals
by Edgar A. Ott, Ph.D., Animal Science Department, University of
Florida, Gainesville, Florida.....The newborn foal is a growing
machine. A foal is born with a voracious appetite and converts
nutrients to body tissues with an efficiency that will not be
matched any other time in its life. The foal’s growth is highest
during the first month of life and gradually decreases as it
matures....
Congenital and Acquired Orthopedic Disorders
in Foals
by Alan J. Ruggles, D.V.M., Equine Veterinary Surgeon Rood and
Riddle Equine Hospital, Lexington, Kentucky
Nutrition and Developmental Orthopedic
Disease in Horses
by Judith A. Reynolds, Ph.D., P.A.S. Equine Technical Specialist
ADM Alliance Nutrition
Dehydration.. The Importance of Water to
Body Processes
by John H. Thomas, D.V.M. Martinsville Veterinary Hospital
Martinsville, Indiana.....Water, the most important nutrient, is a
part of all biochemical processes within a horse’s body........
Equine Colic Causes, Treatment, and
Prevention
by Leslie M. East, D.V.M., and Charles E. Dickinson, D.V.M., M.S.
College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado
State University, Ft. Collins, Colorado.....Colic is a general
term used to describe any painful condition involving the horse’s
abdomen. Colic can result from problems affecting the
gastrointestinal tract and abdominal organs (i.e. the liver,
spleen, or kidneys). .....
Preventing Equine Colic
by Judith A. Reynolds, Ph.D., P.A.S. Equine Technical Specialist,
ADM Alliance Nutrition
Creating A Health Hoof The Importance of a
Balanced Diet, Shoeing, and Exercise
by David Hayes, D.V.M., Equine Hospital and Lameness Center,
Meridian, Idaho....Individuals who own and enjoy horses are well
aware of the importance of horses' feet. No matter what the blood
lines, no matter how well the dam or sire did in the show ring, no
matter how much the professional training cost, if a horse's feet
are not healthy, the horse becomes a hungry pasture ornament which
produces manure! .......
Geriatric Horses
...A
common sense approach to care, exercise and feeding of older
equine athletes.
by Gary D. Kaufman, D.V.M. ...The term, “geriatric,” by definition
relates to the aged, or the process of aging, whether it pertains
to humans or horses. In sports today, whether an athlete is “old”
or not depends as much on the sport as it does on the actual age
of the competitor........
The "Old Horse" Dilemma
by Judith A. Reynolds, Ph.D., P.A.S., Divisional Equine Technical
Specialist, ADM Alliance Nutrition .... In Webster's dictionary,
dilemma is defined as "a predicament that apparently defies a
satisfactory solution." Many owners of older horses can relate to
this definition. Keeping an older horse feeling healthy and
looking good seems to be the impossible mission for many
people........
Hard Keepers...Why?
by Win Wolcott, President, Natural Glo, Willows, California...For
horse owners, the term “hard keeper” signifies an animal which has
difficulty maintaining its weight and/or condition. A much more
common condition than many people realize, hard keepers are the
result of one or more factors..........
Feeding and Fitting Halter and Sale Horses
By Stephen G. Jackson, Ph.D. Bluegrass Equine Nutrition, Inc.
Versailles, Kentucky....Halter and sale horses are the two main
groups of horses which are assessed and valued, to a large extent,
based on their conformation and condition. In the past, many
halter and sale horses were over fed, because “fat is the
prettiest color.” .....
Equine Hyperkalemic Periodic Paralysis (HYPP)
Equine Hyperkalemic Periodic Paralysis (HYPP) is a co-dominantly
inherited disorder of descendants of the Quarter Horse stallion,
‘Impressive,’ that affects muscle function. by Judy Reynolds,
PhD., P.A.S.
Tying-Up in Horses......Research Leads to
Dietary and Exercise Management Strategies
by Stephanie J. Valberg, D.V.M., Ph.D., College of Veterinary
Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota
Tying-up, at the turn of the 20th century, was a fairly common
occurrence in work horses, especially draft horses. After resting
on Sunday, horses began their work routines Monday morning.
.........
Parasite Control Consequences of Parasitism
and Benefits of Control
by Craig R. Reinemeyer, D.V.M., Ph.D., Veterinary Parasitologist
East Tennessee Clinical Research, Knoxville, Tennessee
Equine Protozoal Myeloencephalitis
by W.J.A. Saville, D.V.M., Diplomate ACVIM, Ph.D., Department of
Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University,
Columbus, Ohio...Equine
protozoal myeloencephalitis (EPM), primarily caused by infection
with Sarcocystis neurona, is a progressive disease of the
central nervous system (CNS). Another protozoan parasite (Neospora
caninum/N. hughesi) has also been implicated as a cause
of EPM in six cases. ...........
Help Prevent A Winter Hazard - Dehydration
Colic
by Judy Reynolds, PhD., P.A.S.
For More
Information e-mail at
AN_EquineHelp@admworld.com
or call toll free 7:30 AM to 4:30 PM
EQUINE
NUTRITION HELPLINE
1-800-680-8254 Central Time
ADM Alliance Nutrition, Inc.
1000 North 30th Street P.O. Box C1 Quincy, IL USA 62305-3155
